Psilotum complanatum psilotaceae hear species info. The xylem is actinostelic and radial in outside in 6 rays, the protoxylem is located. There are two species, psilotum nudum and psilotum complanatum, with a hybrid between them known. Lyconadins g and h, two rare lyconadintype lycopodium. This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. The systematic position of psilotum and tmesipteris. Psilotum was long considered a fern ally, a surviving remnant of an extinct devonian flora because of its. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Lycopodium complanatum ground pine, groundcedar pfaf plant. There is some evidence that it might be a true fern that has lost some typically fernlike characteristics.
Both these species differ in their distribution and general description. Psilotum and tmesipteris are the only two living genera in this phylum. The morphological and anatomical reinvestigation of the. Psilotum nudum, the whisk fern figure a, grows in the florida woods. Feb 15, 2018 this concept was suggested by bierhorst 1956 according to him each unit in synangium represents a condensed fertile axis. These cells has casparian bands on their radial walls 2. Most commonly, it grows erectly on the ground or in crevices among rocks, but it may also grow as an epiphyte on treeferns or among other. Psilotum complanatum, the flatfork fern, is a rare herbaceous epiphytic fern ally in the genus psilotum. Primitive fern allies of the genera psilotum and tmesip. It also grows on soil where humus is abundantly available. Psilotum nudum is an ancestral epiphytic of the monilophytes which has been recently reported from hyrcanian forests.
The plant list includes 7 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus psilotum. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. The synangium in psilotum can be considered as homologus to fertile portion of rhynia where one arm is fertile and other is sterile. Wikimedia commons ruggiero ma, gordon dp, orrell tm, bailly n, bourgoin t, brusca rc, et al. The whisk ferns are the only freeliving vascular land plants without true roots. Show all show tabs flatfork fern general information. Holub, mainly distributed in the temperate and subtropical regions of the world 14, was used as a traditional.
The free living sporophytic plant body is a dichotomously branching stem consisting of a subterranean mycorrhizal rhizome and a green, photosynthetic aerial portion that bears very small nonvascularized scalelike flaps of tissue called enations and 2 3lobed eusporangia or. Psilotum type genus of the psilotaceae genus psilotum fern genus genera of ferns and fern allies family psilotaceae, psilotaceae small family. Two major sources were used in deciding to list the species at the introduction of the. On the other hand, psilotum flaccidum, known more as a hawaiian fern ally is also known by the scientific name psilotum complanatum. It is probably far more common than collections indicate, however. It is one of two genera in the family psilotaceae, the other being tmesipteris. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about whisk fern, moa, moa nahele, pipi, oo moa psilotum complanatum supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves g. Anatomical studies were carried out through manual exact crosssectioning of. Eeb greenhouse accession data for psilotum x intermedium. The plant list includes a further 2 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus psilotum. Two major sources were used in deciding to list the species at the introduction of the threatened species conservation act in 1995.
Psilotum nudum, one of two species in the genus psilotum, is widely distributed across tropical and subtropical areas of the americas, africa, asia and australasia, with a small, endangered population found in southern spain. Psilotum is a genus of fernlike vascular plants, commonly known as whisk ferns. Both species are indigenous to the hawaiian islands. Reports of psilotum nudum in new mexico and in west texas remain unverified. Psilotum complanatum, the flatfork fern, is a rare herbaceous epiphytic fern ally in the genus. This pdf version does not have an isbn or issn and is not therefore effectively published melbourne code, art. Pdf psilotum hazaricum a new contribution to the flora of pakistan. I have been able to remove pieces and grow them im my nursery area. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. The plant body is differentiated into rhizome and aerial branches. Click on a place name to get a complete protected plant list for that location. Psilotum is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions.
So then, the apparently redundant name psilotum nudum refers to a really naked, naked plant. Psilotum synonyms, psilotum pronunciation, psilotum translation, english dictionary definition of psilotum. Psilotum definition is a genus the type of the family psilotaceae of chiefly tropical fern allies with terrestrial or epiphytic habit, slender branching stems, and sessile 3celled sporangia usually in spikes. My field work is centered in mexico, colombia, and papua new guinea. Another difference between pterophyta and higher plants is that many species belonging to the pterophyta have a vegetative propagation path by means of rhizomes e. Endodermis there is well developed endodermis between the stele and the cortex. Its aim is to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species. Psilotum species, moa, skeleton fork fern, whisk fern. Plants profile for psilotum complanatum flatfork fern. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. This pdf version does not have an isbn or issn and is not therefore. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. It was already introduced as an epiphytic species from.
Plants in these two genera were once thought to be descended from the earliest surviving vascular plants, but more recent phylogenies place them as basal ferns, as a sister group to ophioglossales. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Common names flatfork fern in english bibliographic references. Psilotum nudum, moa, moa nahele, pipi, oo moa, whisk fern, indigenous. The record derives from tropicos data supplied on 20120418 which reports it as an accepted name record 26625279 with original publication details. These are primarily included because names of species rank are synonyms. Psilotum pronounced zilotum is a lowgrowing plant devoid of any roots or leaves. Background information the two native species of moa psilotum spp. Hence psilotum and tmesipteris constitute a natural group in pteridophyta and should be placed at the beginning of pteridophyte classification next to early vascular plants and before lycopsida. Whisk fern, moa, moa nahele, pipi, oo moa psilotum. Arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology in sporophyte of. It has been observed through gel electrophoresis that histone protein profiles of psilotum are more or less identical with the histones of mosses. No count is available from north american material. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. Psilotum complanatum information from the smithsonians flora of the hawaiian islands information about psilotum complanatum including nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in hawaiiis provided by the flora of the hawaiian islands website of the smithsonian national museum of natural history. Arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology in sporophyte of psilotum nudum. Psilotum nudum is a terrestrial plant that grows in humus, among rocks and at the base of trees. Steler system the stele of psilotum consists of following parts a, while pericycle and pith are usually absent. Superficially, the hybrid resembles both parents and is often confused with them. A wide range of chromosome numbers on material outside the flora has been reported for this species. I have had whisk fern, psilotum nudum growing in the boot jacks of my sable palm for several years now. Lycopodium complanatum is an evergreen fern growing to 0. I am particularly interested in macroevolutionary rates and characters that diagnose large clades of ferns and lycophytes.
Etymology the generic name is from the greek psilos, naked or smooth, alluding to the smooth aerial stems without leaves. Pdf arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology in sporophyte of psilotum. The origin of branching in the aerial shoot ofpsilotum nudum. Morphologically, the plant is simple, lacking leaves and roots, and having hanging stems with dichotomous branching, which lack developed leaves but have minute scales. Psilotum complanatum wikispecies, free species directory. Austrolycopodium, diphasium, and diphasiastrum one species in the first three. Psilotum complanatum information from the smithsonians flora of the hawaiian islands information about psilotum complanatumincluding nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in hawaiiis provided by the flora of the hawaiian islands website of the smithsonian national museum of natural history. A plant buff can recognize both species of psilotum p. Pdf the mycorrhizal structures of the sporophyte of psilotum nudum were studied by light microscopy. Psilotum complanatum, the flatfork fern, is a rare herbaceous epiphytic fern ally in. Habitat of lycopodium complanatum by hollis marriott.
Three main groups are distinguished within the pterophyta. Epiphyte in rainforest, often found growing from bases of other. Psilotum definition of psilotum by the free dictionary. Psilotum complanatum endangered species listing nsw. Psilotum belong to the whiskfern family psilotaceae with only two wide spread species. Though several species have been reported in psilotum, all of them usually fall into two well defined species, viz. Psilotum complanatum lyman plant house, smith college. The free living sporophytic plant body is a dichotomously branching stem consisting of a subterranean mycorrhizal rhizome and a green, photosynthetic aerial portion that bears very small nonvascularized scalelike flaps of tissue called enations and 2 3lobed eusporangia or synangia on very short lateral branches. The states only known population is found within the upper sand creek botanical management area on black. Psilotum complanatum ferns and lycophytes of the world. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. The conditions in the bootjacks are ideal for its survival. Moa is chicken, referring to a chickens comb, and reference to the fronds.
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